Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
1.
|
All
elements are composed of extremely small particles called
a. compounds. b. mixtures.
c. atoms. d. molecules.
|
|
|
2.
|
A
group of atoms that are joined together and act as a single unit is called
a(n)
a. element. b. compound.
c. molecule. d. solution.
|
|
|
3.
|
What
holds atoms together in a molecule?
a. density
b. gravity c. physical bonds d. chemical bonds
|
|
|
4.
|
The
SI unit for mass is the
a. ounce. b. pound.
c. kilogram. d. liter.
|
|
|
5.
|
Which
process changes matter into one or more new substances?
a. physical
change b. chemical change c. conservation
d. freezing
|
|
|
6.
|
A
shorter, easier way to show chemical reactions, using symbols instead of words, is called
a
a. chemical equation. b. chemical formula.
c. symbol. d. subscript.
|
|
|
7.
|
Which
of the following is a balanced chemical equation?
a. H2O2 ® H2O + O2 b. 2
Fe2O3 + 3 C ® 4 Fe + 3 CO2 c. SO2 +
O2 + 2 H2O ® 4 H2SO4 d. 2 Mg + HC1
®
MgCl2 + H2
|
|
|
8.
|
Carbon dioxide is an example of a(n)
a. element. b. compound.
c. mixture. d. precipitate.
|
|
|
9.
|
The
simplest type of substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance is
a(n)
a. precipitate. b. compound.
c. mixture. d. element.
|
|
|
10.
|
How
are the noble gases different from other groups of elements?
a. Their
atoms do not react easily with other atoms. b. They are nonmetals.
c. They have no valence electrons. d. You only find them in
castles.
|
|
|
11.
|
Each
family in the periodic table has its own characteristic properties based on the number
of
a. neutrons. b. valence electrons.
c. protons. d. ions.
|
|
|
12.
|
What
is the chemical name for the compound with the formula NaS?
a. sodium
fluoride b. magnesium sulfide c. lithium oxide
d. sodium sulfide
|
|
|
13.
|
Very
energetic particles that move rapidly in all directions in the space outside the nucleus of an atom
are
a. freshmen. b. neutrons.
c. electrons. d. protons.
|
|
|
14.
|
Which
particles in an atom are in the nucleus?
a. protons
and neutrons b. protons and electrons c. protons and
ions d. electrons and neutrons
|
|
|
15.
|
Which
of these particles has a positive charge?
a. atom b. proton c. neutron
d. electron
|
|
|
16.
|
Electrons involved in bonding between atoms are
a. valence
electrons. b. inside the nucleus. c. closest to the
nucleus. d. positively charged.
|
|
|
17.
|
What
is the greatest number of valence electrons a neutral atom can have?
a. 1 b. 3 c. 8
d. 12
|
|
|
18.
|
How
many groups are in the periodic table?
a. 7 b. 8 c. 18
d. 112
|
|
|
19.
|
If
atoms of a halogen nonmetal gain one electron, the atoms then have
a. no
valence electrons. b. 7 valence electrons. c. 8 valence
electrons. d. 17 valence electrons.
|
|
|
20.
|
Which
of the following is NOT a physical property of most metals?
a. being
ductile b. being good energy conductors c. being a liquid at room
temperature d. being malleable
|
|
|
21.
|
In
the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found
a. in Group
1, the first column on the left. b. in Period 1, the first row across the
top. c. in Groups 13 through 16 in the center. d. in Periods 6 and
7 at the bottom.
|
|
|
22.
|
Which
group of elements have two valence electrons in their atoms?
a. transition metals b. metal alloys
c. alkaline earth metals d. alkali metals
|
|
|
23.
|
Which
group contains the most elements?
a. metalloids
b. nonmetals c. metals d. transition elements
|
|
|
24.
|
Which
member of the carbon family is a nonmetal?
a. carbon b. silicon c. tin
d. Sally
|
|
|
25.
|
Where
are metals located in the periodic table?
a. to the
left of the zigzag line b. to the right of the zigzag line c. in
the top rows d. in the middle rows
|
|
|
26.
|
The
elements in a row of the periodic table
a. are in
the same family. b. have the same or nearly the same properties.
c. have the same average atomic mass. d. are in the same period.
|
|
|
27.
|
The
two most common alkaline earth metals are
a. copper
and zinc. b. iron and silver. c. sodium and potassium.
d. calcium and magnesium.
|
|
|
28.
|
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are part of a group
called
a. noble gases. b. metalloids.
c. halogens. d. alkali metals.
|
|
|
29.
|
Substances that CANNOT be broken down chemically into other substances
are
a. elements. b. compounds.
c. mixtures. d. solutions.
|
|
|
30.
|
The
measurement of how much matter an object contains is its
a. volume. b. weight. c. mass.
d. melting point.
|
|
|
31.
|
The
measurement of how much mass is contained in a given volume is called
a. weight. b. melting point. c. boiling
point. d. density.
|
|
|
32.
|
The
density of a block of wood with a volume of 50 cubic centimeters and a mass of 100 grams
is
a. 2 g/cm3 b. 0.5 g/cm3
c. 500 g/cm3 d. 5,000 g/cm3
|
|
|
33.
|
When
an inflated balloon is exposed to cold air,
a. the
temperature inside the balloon rises. b. the pressure inside the balloon
rises. c. the volume of the balloon decreases. d. the volume of the
balloon increases.
|
|
|
34.
|
Which
process involves a gas changing into a liquid?
a. melting b. freezing
c. vaporization d. condensation
|
|
|
35.
|
The
amount of space that a gas takes up is its
a. volume. b. mass. c. pressure.
d. density.
|
|
|
36.
|
From
an element’s location in the periodic table, you can predict
a. its
properties. b. its chemical name. c. its chemical
symbol. d. when it was discovered.
|
|
|
37.
|
Which
of these statements about a column of the periodic table is true?
a. The
elements have similar properties. b. The elements have a wide range of
properties. c. The elements have the same atomic number. d. The
elements have the same atomic mass.
|
|
|
38.
|
The
factor that determines how an atom interacts with other atoms is its
a. number
of protons. b. number of neutrons. c. atomic mass.
d. number of valence electrons.
|
|
|
39.
|
Which
part(s) of the atom move around the nucleus?
a. atomic
mass units b. electrons c. protons
d. neutrons
|
|
|
40.
|
The
atomic number of an element is based on the
a. mass of
its nucleus. b. number of electrons around its core. c. number of
protons in its nucleus. d. number of neutrons in its nucleus.
|
|
|
41.
|
The
two most common alkaline earth metals are
a. copper
and zinc. b. iron and silver. c. sodium and potassium.
d. calcium and magnesium.
|
|
|
42.
|
The
elements that do not ordinarily form compounds are
a. the
carbon family. b. metals. c. halogens. d. noble
gases.
|
|
|
43.
|
Atoms
are electrically neutral because they have
a. equal
numbers of protons and neutrons. b. equal numbers of electrons and
neutrons. c. equal numbers of protons and electrons. d. no charged
particles.
|
|
|
44.
|
If
atoms of a halogen nonmetal gain one electron, the atoms then have
a. no
valence electrons. b. 7 valence electrons. c. 8 valence
electrons. d. 17 valence electrons.
|
Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
|
|
|
45.
|
The
units liter, milliliter, and cubic centimeters are all used to measure the ____________________ of an
object or substance.
|
|
|
46.
|
A
precipitate is a ____________________ that forms from solution during a chemical
reaction.
|
|
|
47.
|
A
subscript shows the number of ____________________ of an element in a molecule.
|
|
|
48.
|
A
neutral atom never has more than ____________________ valence electrons.
|
|
|
49.
|
Elements in the same row of the periodic table are in the same
____________________.
|
|
|
50.
|
Elements in Group 17 (the halogens) are the ____________________ reactive
nonmetals.
|
|
|
51.
|
Elements in Group 1 lose one electron to form ions with a ____________________
charge.
|
|
|
52.
|
A
column of elements in the periodic table is called a group, or ____________________.
|
|
|
53.
|
The
electrons in an atom that are involved in forming chemical bonds are called
____________________.
|
|
|
54.
|
Brass
is a(n) ____________________ formed by mixing copper and zinc.
|
|
|
55.
|
A(n)
____________________ is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by either
chemical or physical means.
|
|
|
56.
|
Nonmetals are ____________________ conductors of heat and
electricity.
a. poor
|
|
|
57.
|
An
element’s ____________________ can be predicted from its location in the periodic
table.
|
|
|
58.
|
A
substance that will conduct electricity only under certain conditions is called a
____________________.
|
|
|
59.
|
The
common state of matter that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume is a(n)
____________________.
|
|
|
60.
|
When
a graph of two variables shows a straight line passing through the point (0, 0), the two variables
are ____________________ proportional to each other.
|