Bibliographic Formats

Grades 4-5

BOOKS

Format: 

1. Author IF available (last name first).
2. Title (underlined).
3. City where the book is published:
4. Publisher,
5. latest copyright date of text.

Examples:

Book by one author:

Fradin, Dennis. Astronomy. Chicago : Childrens Press, 1983.

Book by two or more authors:

Harris, Alan and Paul Weissman. The Great Voyager Adventure. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Messner,1990.

Edited book:

Smith, Carter, ed. Governing and Teaching: A Sourcebook on Colonial America .

Brookfield, CT. : Millbrook, 1991.

Book with no author:

Visual Dictionary of Animals. New York : Dorling Kindersley, 1991.

PRINT ENCYCLOPEDIAS and other REFERENCE BOOKS

Format:

1. Author IF available (last name first).
2. "Title of article" (in quotation marks).
3. Title of encyclopedia or reference book (underlined).
4. Latest copyright date.

Examples:

Article with author:

Bluford, Jr., Guion."Astronaut." World Book Encyclopedia.1993 .

Article without author:

"Deer." Compton 's Encyclopedia and Fact Index. 1993.

MAGAZINES

 Format:

1. Author (last name first).
2. "Title of the article" (in quotation marks).
3. Title of the magazine (underlined).
4. Date (day month year):
5. Page numbers of the article.

Example:

Bowman, Rebecca. "Westward Stop and Go." Cobblestone. October 1998: 8-12.

CD-ROM and other COMPUTER PROGRAMS

Format:

1. Author name IF article is signed (last name first).
2. "Title of article" (in quotation marks).
3. Title of program (underlined).
4. Medium.
5. Production company,
6. copyright date.

Examples:

Article with author:

Bluford, Jr., Guion."Astronaut." World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. World Book, Inc., 1994.

Article without author:

"Aardvark: Totally Tubular." San Diego Zoo Presents ... THE ANIMALS! 2.0. CD-ROM. Arnowitz Studios, 1994. 

VIDEOTAPES, LASERDISCS, FILMS, SLIDES

Format:

1. Title (underlined).
2. Medium (videocassette, filmstrip, etc).
3. Production company,
4. Copyright date.
5. Time length.

Example:

Seeds of Liberty . Videocassette. Rainbow Educational Video, 1993. 22 min.

ONLINE SOURCES (Internet)

Format:

1. Author (last name first) IF article is signed.
2. Title of item (underlined).
3. Date of publication.
4. Online. Internet.
5. Date of access.
6. Available: electronic address.

Examples:

Article with author:

Dejoie, Joyce and Elizabeth Truelove. StarChild Project. 1997. Online. Internet.

September 25, 1997. Available http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/StarChild.html.

Article without author:

Benjamin Franklin: Glimpses of the Man 1996. Online. Internet. 13 Jan. 1997.

Available http://sln.fi.edu/franklin/rotten.html.

INTERVIEWS

Format:

1. Name of person interviewed (last name first).
2. Type of interview.
3. Date.

Examples:

Cruise, Tom. Personal interview. 25 Sept. 1997.

Grades 2-3

BOOKS

Format:

1. Author IF available (last name first).
2. Title (underlined).
3. latest copyright date of text.

Examples:

Book by one author:

Fradin, Dennis. Astronomy.1983.

Book by two or more authors:

Harris, Alan and Paul Weissman. The Great Voyager Adventure. 1990.

Edited book:

Smith, Carter, ed. Governing and Teaching: A Sourcebook on Colonial America . 1991.

Book with no author:Visual Dictionary of Animals. 1991.

PRINT ENCYCLOPEDIAS and other REFERENCE BOOKS

Format:

1. "Title of article" (in quotation marks).
2. Title of encyclopedia or reference book (underlined).
3. Latest copyright date.

Example:

"Deer." Compton 's Encyclopedia and Fact Index. 1993.

MAGAZINES

Format:

1. Title of the magazine (underlined).
2. Date (day month year):

Example:

Cobblestone. October 1998.

CD-ROM and other COMPUTER PROGRAMS 

Format:

1. "Title of program (underlined).
2. Medium (CD-ROM).

Example:

San Diego Zoo Presents ... THE ANIMALS! 2.0. CD-ROM.

VIDEOTAPES, LASERDISCS, FILMS, SLIDES

Format:

1. Title (underlined).
2. Medium (videocassette, filmstrip, etc).

Example:

Seeds of Liberty . Videocassette. 

ONLINE SOURCES (Internet)

Format:

1. Title of item (underlined).
2. Online. Internet.
3. Date of access.
4. Available: electronic address.

Example:

Benjamin Franklin: Glimpses of the Man 1996. Online. Internet. 13 Jan. 1997.

Available http://sln.fi.edu/franklin/rotten.html.

INTERVIEWS

Format:

1. Name of person interviewed (last name first).
2. Type of interview.
3. Date.

Examples:

Cruise, Tom. Personal interview. 25 Sept. 1997.