Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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1.
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When the force on rocks is
great enough, they break, producing vibrations called ____. a. | faults | c. | strains | b. | earthquakes | d. | stresses | | | | |
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2.
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The height of the lines traced
on paper is a measure of the energy released or the ____ of the earthquake. a. | stress | c. | magnitude | b. | strain | d. | intensity | | | | |
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3.
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A person located twice as far
from an epicenter of an earthquake as another person will notice that the time between the arrival of
the primary and secondary waves will be ____. a. | the same | c. | reduced | b. | larger | d. | unnoticeable | | | | |
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4.
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____ is the force that squeezes
rocks together. a. | Tension | c. | Elastic limit | b. | Shear | d. | Compression | | | | |
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5.
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____ is the force that pulls
rocks apart. a. | Tension | c. | Elastic limit | b. | Shear | d. | Compression | | | | |
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6.
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____ is the force that causes
plates to move sideways past each other. a. | Tension | c. | Elastic limit | b. | Shear | d. | Compression | | | | |
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7.
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____ faults are caused by
tensional forces. a. | Normal | c. | Reverse | b. | Strike-slip | d. | Elastic | | | | |
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8.
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____ faults are caused by
compressional forces. a. | Normal | c. | Reverse | b. | Strike-slip | d. | Elastic | | | | |
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9.
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____ faults are caused by shear
forces. a. | Normal | c. | Reverse | b. | Strike-slip | d. | Elastic | | | | |
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10.
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Along a(n) ____ fault, rock
above the fault surface moves downward in relation to rock below the fault surface. a. | normal | c. | elastic | b. | reverse | d. | strike-slip | | | | |
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11.
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Along a(n) ____ fault, rock
above the fault surface moves upward in relation to rock below the fault surface. a. | normal | c. | elastic | b. | reverse | d. | strike-slip | | | | |
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12.
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At a(n) ____ fault, rocks on
either side of the fault surface move past each other. a. | normal | c. | reverse | b. | elastic | d. | strike-slip | | | | |
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13.
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The point in Earth's interior
where the energy release of an earthquake occurs is the ____. a. | focus | c. | fault | b. | epicenter | d. | inner core | | | | |
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14.
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Seismic waves ____ when they
reach the bottom of the crust. a. | slow down | c. | stop | b. | stay the same | d. | speed up | | | | |
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15.
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The magnitude of an earthquake
is measured by the ____. a. | Richter
scale | c. | modified Meralli scale | b. | moho
discontinuity | d. | elastic limit | | | | |
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16.
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Primary waves ____ when they
hit the liquid outer core. a. | slow down | c. | stop | b. | stay the same | d. | speed up | | | | |
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17.
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Secondary waves ____ when they
hit the liquid outer core. a. | slow down | c. | stop | b. | stay the same | d. | speed up | | | | |
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Matching
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Match each term with the
correct description below. a. | P waves | f. | seismographs | b. | S waves | g. | mantle | c. | seismic sea
waves | h. | seismograms | d. | surface
waves | i. | crust | e. | seismologists | j. | magnitude | | | | |
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18.
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tsunamis
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19.
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people who study earthquakes
and seismic waves
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20.
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paper record of a seismic
event
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21.
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largest layer of
Earth
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22.
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secondary waves
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23.
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waves that travel outward from
the epicenter
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24.
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primary waves
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25.
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amount of energy an earthquake
releases
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26.
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instruments that record seismic
activity
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27.
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outermost layer of
Earth
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Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
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28.
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To locate an earthquake's
____________________, scientist use information from the three seismograph stations.
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29.
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Seismologists use the
_________________________ to describe the magnitude of earthquakes.
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30.
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The San Andreas Fault in
California is an example of a(n) ____________________ fault.
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31.
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Primary and secondary waves
slow down when they hit the plasticlike layer of the upper mantle called the
____________________.
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32.
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When rocks break because of
stress, the energy released is in the form of a(n) ____________________.
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